Sand production is a common problem in loose sandstone reservoirs. Due to loose formation cementation, formation sand enters the well with formation fluid in the process of oil and gas exploitation, which brings a series of problems to oilfield production: downhole tools, surface pipeline abrasion, and so on. The casing damage of the sand-producing layer is serious, so it has become a difficult technical problem to predict the sand-producing degree of the formation and to formulate a reasonable exploitation plan and sand-control scheme for the development of loose sandstone oil and gas reservoirs.

Sand production in formation is a complicated coupling calculation problem of solid mechanics and hydrodynamics. By analyzing the formation sand production mechanism, the mathematical model of sand production prediction is established, and the sand production in formation is predicted in the early stage so as to guide the oil field production. Sand production prediction software can be used for oil field exploration and development.

For the following reasons:

1. the limit pressure difference of sand-free production is

2. the critical output is

3. the sand output under certain conditions is

4. sand production degree: sand production index, Schlumberger's ratio, etc., the formation rock mechanics parameters.
 

Partial work screenshot